Variety large-scale evening shows are an art form that lasts for a long time and develops rapidly. From the perspective of form, it is becoming more and more diverse, such as Spring Festival evening parties, special evening parties, commemorative evening parties of different programs, etc.; from the perspective of scenes, it is becoming more and more complex. There are different types of studios, amphitheatres, stages, stadiums and squares; from the perspective of the audience, the level is getting higher and higher, and the number of people is increasing; from the perspective of the types of programs, there are music, dance, drama, folk art wait. The reason why TV has a high audience rating and is more and more favored and concerned by the audience is related to the distinctive theme of the variety show, healthy and rich content, novel forms, grand scenes, and strong artistic appeal. It is also related to advanced lighting and lighting equipment. Pay attention to the choice of angle in lighting, and the reasonable use of light in composition is inseparable. Therefore, as a lighting designer for a variety show, it is necessary to solve the problem of both inheritance and innovation in terms of ideas; in terms of professional skills, what methods and technical means should be used to conceive and create to meet the needs of the party? General requirements, how to use existing lamps and lanterns with different light sources, different structures, different functions and different control methods to design the layout of the lighting position, change the projection angle and lighting range of the light; how to use the intensity of light and the change of light and shade , the conversion of colors, and the different combinations of changes between them, the purposeful dyeing and modeling of the scenery and characters in the performance area, creating various specific lighting environments and visual artistic effects, serving the entire party is the current Lighting workers urgently need to seriously solve the problem.
The so-called lighting is to locate where the lamps project light from. The objective criterion for the lighting success of the lighting engineer is to make the audience feel real. If the TV audience feels fake and lacks a sense of reality, it means that the lighting is a failure. The use of lighting is an important process of combining art and technology, which requires the lighting engineer to accurately use different lighting methods to handle the orientation and brightness of various lights, to obtain the expected artistic effect, and to provide a better foundation for the content of the program and the image of the characters. Add artistic appeal and attractiveness.
It can be seen that lighting engineers need to have high cultural accomplishment and professional quality in order to correctly use lighting techniques, which is the key to success. How to learn and learn from other advanced experiences through your own work practice, master and use lighting techniques so that lighting technology can adapt to the changing new situation as soon as possible, and meet the needs of variety shows, I think we should focus on dealing with the five characteristics from the combination of theory and practice , Grasp two basic points and three links. Five characteristics: 1. It is to clarify the purpose of lighting.
The lighting should be adjusted according to the director's requirements for the program and the needs of camera lens assembly; the second is to pay attention to the effect of lighting. It is necessary to set off the atmosphere of the picture, but also to be consistent with the requirements of the program content in terms of color, light and mood; the third is the rationality of the arrangement of lamps. The position, angle, direction, and brightness of the lamps and lanterns should be conducive to reflecting the realism of the scene; the fourth is to grasp the procedural nature of lighting.
In principle, for big scenes, the scene lighting should be set up first, followed by the key light. For small scenes, the main light is placed first, and then the background light is adjusted; fifth, the integrity of the light used is checked during the trial recording. Avoid or eliminate shadows, scene shading, light overlapping, artificial expansion of shadow areas and other effects.
Two basic points: First, the basic lighting - the basic illumination of the overall lighting is controlled within the range of 800-1000LX. Lighting in different areas, the illuminance of the front area is within the range of 2000-2500LX; the brightness of the middle area is within the range of 1500-2000LX; The second is the basic shape - do a good job in aerial and background modeling, and create a specific atmosphere.
Three links: 1. Proceeding from reality, formulate a scientific, feasible and reasonable design plan. Successful lighting lies in having a good design solution. The lighting designer should use the script as the basis, take the director's overall concept as the principle, take the specific scene as the basis, take actors and scenery as the modeling objects, use various lamps and lighting control systems to conceive and create, and design a complete set of rigorous The implementation plan serves the party and achieves the expected purpose and effect.
In the preparatory work, the most important thing for the lighting engineer is to fully understand the specific requirements of the chief director for the lighting and stage beauty of the party. The lighting engineer's design concept must also be dissolved in the director's overall conception, and through timely communication, learn from each other to form a consensus. Generate "secondary creation" to make the design concept more perfect.
The lighting engineer should also communicate well with the art designer, thoroughly understand the art design plan, master the materials, structure, material and reflectivity of the scene, and be aware of the location of the addition of the scene, so that the scene and light are interdependent and mutually dependent. Enhanced, produce the best artistic effect. And on the basis of fully grasping the content of the program, the composition of the program form, the overall budget that the party can invest in the lighting profession, and the specific allocation of various lamps, formulate an operable and implementable lighting design plan. Second, it is necessary to operate rigorously and meticulously, and the work is in place.
High-quality installation and implementation is the basis for successful lighting. On the premise that the budget and lamps are in place, the following work should be done well in the installation and implementation: all kinds of lamps must be checked in advance to ensure that they are safe and intact; Check the current insulation and other aspects, do a good job of debugging the entire lighting control system, especially carefully check the dimming, lighting, computer lights, color changers, etc., to be prepared and foolproof. The third is to record accurately, beautify the picture as much as possible, and meet the lighting modeling requirements of the party.
The level of the lighting effect is the concrete embodiment of the success of the lighting. The preliminary design plan only shows the overall framework and structure, which is the expected effect, while the rehearsal and stage walk are the substantive conception stage for the lighting engineer to enter the party. The lighting designer can better understand the performance by watching the actors rehearse and walk the stage. According to the overall requirements of the party, adjust and conceive the overall tone of each scene and each section, and the connection between each other, set the tone for each program and each scene, and determine what means to use to reflect the mastery of ups and downs and movements Changing tempo, etc. In terms of skills, the color tone principle of each program should be based on one basic color, supplemented by other colors, reflecting the hierarchy of primary and secondary relationships and a sense of ups and downs; in terms of color matching, it should be just right, and the change of warm and cold tones should be the same as the color saturation Intensity changes must be appropriate, using different lighting methods and different illuminances to reflect the perspective hierarchy of the scene, enhance the sense of perspective, and avoid making the picture a plane; the use of moving lights must be reasonable and consistent with the rhythm of the program; avoid the appearance of each program The practice of exhausting all the effects and means of light avoids giving people the same boring feeling.
In short, only by proficiently mastering the lighting techniques can we create satisfactory artistic effects for the variety show.